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Pyrolysis-combustion 14C dating of soil organic matter
- Hong Wang, Keith C. Hackley, Samuel V. Panno, Dennis D. Coleman, Jack Chao-li Liu, Johnie Brown
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- Journal:
- Quaternary Research / Volume 60 / Issue 3 / November 2003
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 348-355
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Radiocarbon (14C) dating of total soil organic matter (SOM) often yields results inconsistent with the stratigraphic sequence. The onerous chemical extractions for SOM fractions do not always produce satisfactory 14C dates. In an effort to develop an alternative method, the pyrolysis-combustion technique was investigated to partition SOM into pyrolysis volatile (Py-V) and pyrolysis residue (Py-R) fractions. The Py-V fractions obtained from a thick glacigenic loess succession in Illinois yielded 14C dates much younger but more reasonable than the counterpart Py-R fractions for the soil residence time. Carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) was heavier in the Py-V fractions, suggesting a greater abundance of carbohydrate- and protein-related constituents, and δ13C was lighter in the Py-R fractions, suggesting more lignin- and lipid-related constituents. The combination of 14C dates and δ13C values indicates that the Py-V fractions are less biodegradation resistant and the Py-R fractions are more biodegradation resistant. The pyrolysis-combustion method provides a less cumbersome approach for 14C dating of SOM fractions. With further study, this method may become a useful tool for analyzing unlithified terrestrial sediments when macrofossils are absent.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Rogues' Gallery of Contributing Authors
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- By Ramon Abola, Rishimani Adsumelli, Syed Azim, Tazeen Beg, Helene Benveniste, Louis Chun, Ramtin Cohanim, Dominick Coleman, Joseph Conrad, Tommy Corrado, Jason Daras, Michelle DiGuglielmo, Vedan Djesevic, Andrew Drollinger, Kathleen Dubrow, Brian Durkin, Ralph Epstein, Christopher J. Gallagher, Xiaojun Guo, Sofie Hussain, Ron Jasiewicz, Anna Kogan, Ursula Landman, Rany Makaryus, Daryn Moller, Tate Montgomery, Matthew Neal, Khoa Nguyen, Marco Palmieri, Shaji Poovathor, Eric Posner, Deborah Richman, Andrew Rozbruch, Misako Sakamaki, Joy Schabel, Bharathi Scott, Peggy Seidman, Shiena Sharma, Vishal Sharma, Ellen Steinberg, Neera Tewari, Jane Yi, Jonida Zeqo, Peter Chung, John Denny, Steven H. Ginsberg, Jeremy Grayson, Jonathan Kraidin, Stephen Lemke, Tejal Patel, Salvatore Zisa, Charles Cowles, Marc Rozner, Shawn Banks, Deborah Brauer, Lebron Cooper, V. Samepathi David, Steve Gayer, Steven Gil, Eric A. Harris, Murlikrishna Kannan, Michael C. Lewis, David A. Lindley, Carlos M. Mijares, Sana Nini, Shafeena Nurani, Sujatha Pentakota, Edgar Pierre, Amy Klash Pulido, Michael Rossi, Miguel Santos, Nancy Setzer-Saade, Adam Sewell, Omair H. Toor, Ashish Udeshi, Patricia Wawroski, Lauren C. Berkow, Dan Berkowitz, Ramola Bhambhani, Kerry K. Blaha, Veronica Busso, Adam J. Carinci, Paul J. Christo, R. Blaine Easley, Ralph J. Fuchs, Samuel M. Galvagno, Nishant Gandhi, Andrew Goins, Robert S. Greenberg, Sayeh Hamzehzadeh, Theresa L. Hartsell, Eugenie Heitmiller, Jeremy M. Huff, Brijen L. Joshi, Sapna Kudchadkar, Jennifer K. Lee, Ira Lehrer, Peter Lin, Justin Lockman, Christine L. Mai, Christina Miller, Nanhi Mitter, Gillian Newman, Daniel Nyhan, Lale Odekon, Rabi Panigrahi, Melissa Pant, Alexander Papangelou, Mark Rossberg, Adam Schiavi, Steven J. Schwartz, Deborah A. Schwengel, Brandon M. Togioka, Tina Tran, Emmett Whitaker, Bradford D. Winters, Christopher Wu, Elena J. Holak, Paul S. Pagel
- Edited by Christopher J. Gallagher, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Michael C. Lewis, University of Miami School of Medicine, Deborah A. Schwengel
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- Core Clinical Competencies in Anesthesiology
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- 06 July 2010
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- 12 April 2010, pp xi-xii
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Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates IX
- Chao-Li Liu, Kerry M Riley, Dennis D Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 28 / Issue 1 / 1986
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 110-133
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- 1986
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The following list contains samples of geologic interest that were processed from June 1980 through March 1983 at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The benzene liquid scintillation technique was used following laboratory procedures previously reported by Coleman (1973, 1974).
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates VIII
- Chao Li Liu, Kerry M Riley, Dennis D Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 28 / Issue 1 / 1986
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 78-109
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- 1986
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This article reports on archaeologic samples processed from February 1974 through May 1980 at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory.
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates VII
- Chao Li Liu, Dennis D Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 23 / Issue 3 / 1981
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 352-383
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- 1981
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The following list contains samples of geologic interest that were processed from February 1974 through May 1980 at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The archaeologic samples processed during the same period will be published in our next date list. The benzene liquid scintillation technique was used following laboratory procedures previously reported by Coleman (1973; 1974).
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates VI
- Dennis D Coleman, Chao Li Liu
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 17 / Issue 2 / 1975
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 160-173
- Print publication:
- 1975
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All samples processed from February 1973 through January 1974 at the Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory are reported here. The benzene liquid scintillation technique was used. Laboratory procedures used were the same as those previously reported by Coleman (1973, 1974).
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates V
- Dennis D Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 16 / Issue 1 / 1974
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 105-117
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- 1974
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All samples processed from November 1971 through January 1973 at the Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory are reported here. The benzene liquid scintillation technique was used. Laboratory procedures used were the same as those reported by Coleman (1973), with the exceptions that bone collagen was separated by the Longin (1970; 1971) technique and acetylene was trimerized to benzene as described by Coleman, et al (1972).
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates IV
- Dennis D. Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 15 / Issue 1 / 1973
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 75-85
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- 1973
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This date list includes all samples processed from December 1970 through November 1971 at the Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The benzene liquid scintillation method of Noakes, Kim, and Stipp (1965), and Noakes, Kim, and Akers (1967) was used. A new benzene synthesis system has been completed, and several changes in the sample preparation procedure have been made since the last date list report (Coleman, 1972). A brief summary of the benzene synthesis and sample pretreatment techniques used to determine the dates reported here follows.
Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates III
- Dennis D. Coleman
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 14 / Issue 1 / 1972
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2016, pp. 149-154
- Print publication:
- 1972
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The following date list includes all samples processed from December 1969 through November 1970 at the Illinois State Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The benzene liquid scintillation technique was used, following the method of Noakes, Kim, and Stipp (1965), and Noakes, Kim, and Akers (1967). Detailed sample preparation procedures used in this laboratory have been reported by Kim and Ruch (1969), and Kim, Ruch, and Kempton (1969).